Step construction



Dal-s, 1959 Filed Aug. 15, 1955 M. R.- G. REICHERT STEP CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lnvcnl'or 3, 1959 M. R. 5. RElCHERT 2,915,894

STEP CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 15, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m A Q 6 w fl w b 1% A M i 4 W United States Patent 2,915,894 STEP CONSTRUCTION :Max Robert Georg Reichert, Berlin-Steglitz, Germany Application August 15, 1955, Serial No. 528,254 11 Claims. (Cl. 72-36) [This invention relates to step construction and, more particularly, to a set of steps of the type consisting of a -plurality of stringers which are stair-shaped at their top side and supported on stair heads or resting places constructed accordingly.

, It is an object of the present invention to provide means for ensuring a reliable interconnection of the stringers forming the stairs.

With this and further objects in view, according to the present invention the stringers are provided, in at least one step of the set of steps, with dovetailed recesses which.are open on top and extend transversely to the stringers, the recesses of adjacent stringers being aligned with each other and having a tapered cross section in at least two, but advantageously in three planes arranged -atright angles to each other.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of 'the invention will be pointed out hereinafter and appear in the appended claims forming part of the application. In the accompanying drawings several now preferred .ernbodiments of the invention are shown by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

Fig. l is a fragmentary perspective view of a part of ,a stringer having the invention applied thereto and being "formed with a dovetailed recess in one step,

' Fig. 2 is a plan view on a step formed of three stringers arranged side by side and having each a dovetailed recess,

N "Fig. 3 is a'vertical section transversely through a step "formed of three stringers arranged side by side and having each a dovetailed recess, the right-hand stringer engaging the wall of a building, I

V Fig. 4 is a vertical section through a stringer as per 'F t;- 1,

Fig. 5 is afragmentary plan View of a set of steps laterally connected to the wall of a building,

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing a different direction of the taper of the dovetailed recesses in the upper and lower recessed steps,

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view showing the attachment "of a post for a railing, and

Fig. 8 is a section on line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7.

Similar reference numerals denote similar parts in the different views.

Referring now to the drawings in greater detail, and first to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the stringer 1 in this case in order to reduce its weight is constructed as a beam, preferably a pre-fabricated concrete beam, having a vertical Web In in which a main reinforcing rod 1b is embedded, while the pressure plate 1c is folded at right angles in accordance with the shape of the steps. Provided in the portions of the pressure plate 1c forming A 2,915,894 Patented Dec, 8, 1.959

ice

recesses permit to apply the steel rod 3 in such a manner that the same is completely embedded in the concrete.

the medium step of the illustrated fragmentary part of On a landin'g or stair-head beam result in a more or less manner,

This is shown especially in Fig. 3 which also indicates that the steel rod 3 which advantageously is provided with transverse ribs for increasing the adhesion can be concreted in the wall 4 of the staircase in a corresponding length. The stair is thereby laterally anchored in a simple whereby its stiffness is increased.

According to the invention a stair is composed of the stringers provided with dovetailed recesses in such a way that the reduced or tapered end of the recesses 2 of all stringers 1 are arranged in the same direction, except for the outer stringers of a stair whose recesses are always inwardly tapered even if the reduced ends of the recesses in the remaining stringers are outwardly directed, as shown in Fig. 5, in order to receive the tension forces exerted upon the concrete plugs disposed in the recesses of the stringers.

The dovetailed formation of the recesses 2 on the one hand ensures that the concrete introduced therein from the top after the setting cannot evade in an upward direction. Furthermore, the special shape of the recesses ensures that the composite stringers participate uniformly in the load or bearing pressure and behave similar to a uniform complete flight of stairs, without requiring a special internal transverse anchoring system which would be difficulty accessible from the top.

stringers according to the invention, if they are ofa shorterlength, are provided with recesses 2 at least in one step, while in case of a larger length such recesses 2 are provided at least in two steps of each stringer, as indicated-in Fig. 6, in which the recesses 2 at the upper end are outwardly tapered except for the outer one, while the recesses 2 at the lower end are all inwardly tapered. In this way, a particularly high strength and plate effect is achieved.

According to a further feature of the invention, and as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8, the outer stringers may be provided with additional outwardly tapered dovetailed recesses 5 for anchoring the railing posts 6. Said recesses 5 preferably are arranged in steps in which no recesses 2 for-the transverse armouring are provided.

It is not a feature of the present invention to provide plate beams having one unilateral web as shown in Fig. .1, but solid stringers or stringers with T-shaped or U-shaped cross section may be used as Well. However, where plate beams are used, it may be necessary to reinforce the pressure plate in the region of the dovetailed recesses.

, skilled in the art after understanding the invention that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from-the spirit and scope of the-invention and it is intended, therefore, to cover all such changes and modifications in the appended claims.

, I claim:

1. A stair comprising, in combination, a pluralityof adjacent'stepped stair segments, eachstair segmenthaving a plurality of stepped top facesrespectively arranged ,at the same ,level and flush withthe corresponding top faces of the other stair segments, the top faces of at least onehorizontalset of top faces arranged on the same level being respectively eaoh @formed with, agrecess, said recesses beingtransyer sely alignt d toform'atogether a transversely extending channel in said one set ward the adjacent section is embedded in said concrete filler least one horizontal set same level being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together versely and widening widening in downward direction for ranged at the same level top face, each of said a 'downwardly inclined toward the adjacent stair segment,

- site said one direction,

oftop faces, each of said'recesses tapering in said transverse direction toward one adjacent stair segment, and

widening in downward direction away from the respective top face, each of said recesses having a bottom face downwardly inclined toward the adjacent stair segment; a transverse rod located in said transversely extending channel and supportedontthe uppermost points of said bottom faces of said recesses; Tber completelyfilling'said transverse channeland'having a plurality of connected tively located in said recessesof said stair segments, each transverse sections respecf aid sections tapering in said transverse direction tornents against movement in said transversedirection and 'widening in downward direction for holding said stair 'segmentsagainst relative displacement in vertical direction, each of said sections flaring in downward direction toward the adjacent stair segment-so that said rod member.

2; A stair comprising, in combination, a plurality of adjacent'steppedstair segments, each stair segment hav:

ing a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arranged for holding said stair segand a concrete filler memat the same level and flush with the corresponding top i faces of the other stair segments, the top faces of at of top faces arranged on the a transversely extending channel in said one set of top faces, each of said recesses tapering in said transverse direction toward one adjacent stair segment, and widening in downward direction away from the respectivetop face, all said, recesses tapering in one direction transmember completely filling said transverse channel and having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively located in said recesses of said stair segments, each of said sections tapering in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section for holding said stair segments against movement in said transverse direction and segments against relative displacement in vertical direction.

,3.'A stair comprising, in combination, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments, each stair segment having a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arand flush with the corresponding top faces of the other stair segments, the top faces of at least one horizontal set of top faces arranged onthe same level being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of top direction toward one adjacent stair segment, and widening in downward direction away from the respective recesses having a bottom face all said recesses tapering in one direction transversely and Widening downwardly in a transverse direction oppothe bottom faces of all said recesses being downwardly inclined in said opposite transverse direction; a transverse rod located in said transversely extending channel and supported on the uppermost points of said bottom faces of said recesses; anda concrete filler member completely filling said transverse channel and having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively located in said recesses of said stair segments, each of said sections tapering in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section for holding said stair segments against movement in said transverse direction and widening in downward direction for holdingsaid stair segments against relative displacement in vertical direction, each of said sections flaring in downward drection toward the adjacent stair segment so that rod embedded in saidconcrete filler member.

downwardly in a transverse direction opposite said 'one direction; and a concrete filler holding said stair faces, each of said recesses tapering in said transverse movement in said transverse direction 4. A stair comprising, in combination, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments, each stair segment having a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arranged at the same level and flush with the corresponding top faces of the other stair segments, the top faces of at least one horizontal set of top facesarranged on the same level being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely. aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of top faces, each of said recesses tapering in said transverse segments, each of said sections tapering in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section for holding said stair segments against movement in said transverse direction and Widening in downward direction for holding said stair segments against relative displacement in vertical direction, each of said sections flaring in downward direction toward the adjacent stair segment so that said rod is embedded in said concrete filler member.

5. A stair comprising, in combination, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments, each stair segment including a base portion and a steppedrportion located at a least partly on said base portion and having a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arranged at the same level and flush with the corresponding top faces of the other stair segments, zontal set of top faces arranged on the same level being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said oneset of top faces, each'of said recesses tapering in a transverse direction toward one adjacent stair segment and away from the respective base portion, each of said recesses widening in downward direction away from the respective top face and deepening toward the respective base portion; a transerse reinforcing member located in said channel; and filler means completely filling said transverse channel and securing said member therein, said means having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively losections tapering in said transverse cated in said recesses of said stair segments, each of said direction toward the adjacent section for holding said stair segments against and widening in downward direction for holding said stair segments v and flush with the corresponding faces segments forming with the same a set against relative displacement inv vertical direction.

6. A stair comprising, in combination, a support having a vertical face, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments including one outermost stair segment adjacent said vertical face of said support and an opposite outermost freely projecting stair segment, each stair segment having at least one face arranged in the same plane of the other stair faces, the faces of at least one set of, corresponding faces being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of corresponding faces, the recess in at least said freely projecting j outermost stair segment narrowing in transverse direction toward the adjacent segment, a reinforcing member passing throughsaid transverse channel extending-at least from a point within said recess insaid outermost freely projecting stair segment to a point within said support and firmly anchored to the latter; and a hardtfiller mem ber completely filling said transverse channel embedding the top faces of at least one horiof corresponding said reinforcing member,

ans-s94 said hard filler member having transverse sections respectively of-said stair segments, at least i lur ality of connected t'ic'n toward theadj-acentsection for holding, in combi- *riation -with said reinforcing-memberanchored in said support, all of said stair segments firmly secured to said support.

7. A stair comprising, in combination, a support having a vertical face, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments including one outermost stair segment adjacent said vertical face of said support and an opposite outermost freely projecting stair segment, each stair segment having a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arranged in the same plane and flush with the corresponding faces of the other stair segments forming with the same a set of corresponding faces, the faces of at least one set of corresponding faces being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of corresponding faces, each of said recesses narrowing in transverse direction toward one adjacent segment, and widening in the respective top face, a reinforcing member passing through said transverse channel extending at least from a point within said recess in said outermost freely projecting stair segment to a point within said support and firmly anchored to the latter; and a concrete filler member completely filling said transverse channel embedding said reinforcing member, said hard concrete member having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively located in said recesses of said stair segments, at least the section in said recess in said outermost freely projecting stair segment narrowing in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section for holding; in combination with said reinforcing member anchored in said support, all of said stair segments firmly secured to said support and widening in downward direction for holding said stair segments against relative displacement in vertical direction.

8. A stair comprising, in combination, a support having a vertical face, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments including one outermost stair segment adjacent said vertical face of said support and an opposite outermost freely projecting stair segment, each stair segment having a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arranged in the same plane and flush with the corresponding faces of the other stair segments forming with the same a set of corresponding faces, the faces of at least one set of corresponding faces being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of corresponding faces, the recess in said freely projecting outermost stair segment narrowing in transverse direction toward said support, the recess in the remainder of said plurality of stair segments narrowing in transverse direction toward said freely projecting outermost stair segment, and each of said recesses widening in downward direction away from the respective top face a reinforcing member passing through said transverse channel extending at least from a point within said recess in said outermost freely projecting stair segment to a point within said support and firmly anchored to the latter; and a concrete filler member completely filling said transverse channel embedding said reinforcing member, said hard concrete member having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively located in said recesses of said stair segments, at least the section in said recess in said outermost freely projecting stair segment narrowing in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section for holding, in combination with said reinforcing member anchored in said support, all of said stair segments firmly secured to said support downward direction away from and widening in downward direction for holding said a .6 stair segments against relative displacement in vertical direction.

9. A stair comprising, in'com-bination, a supporthaving a vertical face, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments including one outermost stair segment adjacent said vertical face of said support and an opposite outermost freely projecting stair segment, each stair segment having at least one face arranged in the same plane and flush with the corresponding faces of the other stair segments forming withhe same a set-of corresponding faces, the faces ofat least oneset of corresponding faces being respectively each formed with arecess, said recesses being transverselyaligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of corresponding faces, the recess in at least said freely projecting outermost stair segment narrowing in transverse direction toward the adjacent segment, a reinforcing member passing through said transverse channel extending at least from a point within said recess in said outermost freely projecting stair segment to a point within said support and firmly anchored to the latter; a hard filler member completely filling said transverse channel embedding said reinforcing member, said hard filler member having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively located in said recesses of said stair segments, at least the section in said recess in said outermost freely projecting stair segment narrowing in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section; and a concrete connecting member extending laterally from said outermost stair segment adjacent said vertical face of said support and fixedly connected to one outermost transverse section of said filler member, said support being formed with an opening, and said connecting member being adapted to fill said opening for connecting said outermost freely projecting stair Segment to said support.

10. A stair as set forth in claim 9, wherein said outermost freely projecting stair segment has at least one additional top face thereof formed with a recess tapering from and downwardly inclined toward said one side of said stair, and including a railing post located partly in said recess and a filler member filling said recess and securing said post therein.

11. A stair comprising, in combination, a plurality of adjacent stepped stair segments, each stair segment having a plurality of stepped top faces respectively arranged at the same level and flush with the corresponding top faces of the other stair segments, the top faces of at least one horizontal set of top faces arranged on the same level being respectively each formed with a recess, said recesses being transversely aligned to form together a transversely extending channel in said one set of top faces, each of said recesses tapering in said transverse direction toward one adjacent stair segment, and widening in downward direction away from the respective top face, each of said recesses having a bottom face downwardly inclined toward the adjacent stair segment; a transverse rod located in said transversely extending channel and supported on the uppermost points of said bottom faces of said recesses, said rod extending laterally from one side of said stair; a concrete filler member completely filling said transverse channel and having a plurality of connected transverse sections respectively located in said recesses of said stair segments, each of said sections tapering in said transverse direction toward the adjacent section for holding said stair segments against movement in said transverse direction and widening in downward direction for holding said stair segments against relative displacement in vertical direction, each of said sections flaring in downward direction toward the adjacent stair segment so that said rod is embedded in said concrete filler member; and a concrete connecting member extending laterally from said one side of said stair and from one outermost stair segment and fixedly connected to one outermost transverse section of said filler member, said connecting member being adapted to b7 -fill an opening in a wall adjacent said stair fol-holding a v FOREIGN PATENTS a ,ithe lateral extension of said rod in said opening and for 13,954 switz'rland "2 'f connecting said stair and said -rod to said wall, the other 18,692 Austria r t z'fi ffgm outermost stair segment havingiat least one additional 7 2 a Great u f;i2 topiace thereof formed with a recess tapering from and '5 3 Great j. 1i 7 downwardly inclined toward said one side of said stair, 52O:925 Belgium fj 15 19 and including a railing post located partly in said recess, 1,065,516 France i ,V m 3: 1 5

and a filler member filling said recess and securing said post therein.

References Cited in the file of this patent I UNITED STATES PATENTS 4 1,951,895 Bauer Mar. 20, 1934 

